What is MLK Day? Understanding the Federal Holiday Honoring Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr. Day (MLK Day) is observed on the third Monday of January each year to honor the life and legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a civil rights icon who championed the fight against segregation and racism through nonviolent resistance.
When is MLK Day?
MLK Day aligns closely with Dr. King's birthday, January 15, 1929. In 2025, the holiday falls on Monday, January 20. The date varies due to the Uniform Monday Holiday Act, signed in 1968, which schedules certain federal holidays to always fall on Mondays.
Why is MLK Day Important?

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a Baptist minister, emerged as a national figure during the 1955 Montgomery bus boycott. His leadership in the Civil Rights Movement included founding the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957 and delivering the historic "I Have a Dream" speech at the 1963 March on Washington.
King's advocacy for nonviolence and equality earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. His efforts were instrumental in passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Tragically, he was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee, at the age of 39.
How Did MLK Day Become a Federal Holiday?

The campaign for a holiday honoring Dr. King began shortly after his death. However, it took 15 years of advocacy before President Ronald Reagan signed the bill into law on November 2, 1983. The holiday was first observed on January 20, 1986.
What Happens on MLK Day?
MLK Day is designated as a National Day of Service, encouraging Americans to volunteer in their communities. Cities nationwide host ceremonies, parades, and service events to honor King's legacy.
The King Center in Atlanta, Georgia, organizes events throughout the weekend.
Local organizations and groups host volunteer opportunities to improve communities.
Are Government Offices Open on MLK Day?
MLK Day is a federal holiday, so:
Federal offices are closed.
Federal employees receive a paid day off.
Many banks, post offices, and other services are also closed.
Why MLK Day Matters Today
MLK Day is not just a celebration of Dr. King's achievements; it is a reminder of the ongoing struggle for equality and justice. The holiday inspires Americans to reflect on his teachings and take meaningful actions to improve society.